PAW showed signs of decay within two years. They pop and burn easily. 3). Paulownia environment. That's an easy fix, and by easy, we mean ea And we weigh the key differences between this hardwood lumber and its softwood counterpart. It is very light, extremely durable, resistant and flame retardant. This post may contain affiliate links to products that we receive a commission for (at no additional cost to you). The Paulownia Elongata reaches a height of 28 m, which is much higher than that of the previous varieties. Due to the presence of complex chemical compounds, it can preserve or protect itself from rotting. The spring flowers cover the ground and one can smell it several houses away. Paulownia Wood or Pine Wood? Therefore, this bulletin intends to send a word of caution to those who may be considering Paulownia for exterior applications. #1 Paulownia Grows EXTREMELY Fast. See the articles Wood Allergies and Toxicity and Wood Dust Safety for more information. Workability: Given its straight grain and light weight, Paulownia is extremely easy to work. I feel it is the best bang for the buck. FJ and or FJ/EG. This arises from the FSCs transaction verification process which revealed significant quantities of non-certified Paulownia being sold as FSC certified. Paulownia takes stain perfectly and can easily resemble Mahogany or Walnut with the right stain. Then use a shovel to cut out a root ball about one yard in diameter around the young tree. the leaves are used as critter feedLife is not a journey to the grave with the intention of arriving safely in a pretty and well preserved body, but rather to skid in broadside, thoroughly used up, totally worn out, and loudly proclaiming. I planted a 1 ft. tall Pawlonia in my back yard in 2001 - it's as tall as the 2 1/2 story house. It is a good trim especially if you are trying to save money. comments sorted by Best Top New Controversial Q&A Add a Comment [deleted] DeutschEnglishEspaolFranaisItalianoMagyarNederlandsNorskJzyk PolskPortugusSvenska, Storer Boat Plans 2023 - Privacy Policy, All Our Articles Lugs, Setup, Boatbuilding, Repair, FAQ - Boat building materials and methods Design and Structures, FAQ Crimes against boatbuilding never put a plywood deck join on top of a deckbeam. The Janka hardness value of Paulownia wood is 300 lbf (1,330 N). Lots of sanding gives a smooth, but bumpy, surface. If I could get enough, I doubt Id ever use spruce or cedar again, really! It is called an Empress tree and really does grow fast. These dents are the result of Pine wood fibers compacting and compressing under impact. The timber is gathering rave reviews world wide. What Is Paulownia Wood (And What Is It Used For)? Were you able to plant it and how is it growing ?? Manage Settings Each tree can scatter tens of thousands of seeds. I have used and installed XT Trim personally as well as specifying it on many church projects. So, why arent more woodworkers using this sustainable hardwood? Thats why it became very popular all over the world. One of my Goat Island Skiffs, a 16ft dinghy was reduced in weight by 25lbs by using paulownia extensively. Looking for a paulownia reman plant. In the old days fire was a huge issue in Japan. Donating wood samples and pictures of wood items, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4AqLCg0jU4s, https://greemap.es/paulownia-2/paulownia-characteristics-of-wood/?lang=en, Fluorescence: A Secret Weapon in Wood Identification, Ash Wood: Black, White, and Everything in Between, Brazilian Rosewood, East Indian, and Other Rosewoods, Genuine Lignum Vitae and Argentine Lignum Vitae. Paulownia veneer can be obtained by two methods: flat and unrolled. There is of course no obligation, but if youd like to give back and ensure that the project continues to grow, consider supporting me on Patreon. Availability 5. It was actually two separated pieces: the lower chest of two long drawers and and upper of one long and three shorties on top. To the flat: The trunk is fixed and a blade makes passes to obtain the sheet.. Here are some tips for growing: grow from root cuttings about 4 long. It is harder and slightly denser than balsa and doesnt absorb salt water. The heartwood is light in color and the sapwood even lighter. The softer summer growth is removed faster than the tough winter growth, and this is obvious when the growth rings are an inch wide. it is odorless, naturally resistant to fire, salt water, termites, decay and rot! On the top it is hairless, the underside is covered with star-shaped hair that feels like felt. Suitable for a ceiling (interior with a small exterior covered awning, cut In narrow strips? It mentions going from photographing the tree ready for cutting in 2005 to delivering the slabs to mill in 2008. Georgia is the home of the World Paulownia Institute. Pine wood is used to make everything from floors to furniture, construction to cabinets. Paulownia wood is an incredibly stable wood (once it has been seasoned). I had to send a sample in to the federal wood ID agency to identify. Keep up the great service. Eastern Red Cedar 5. Beech Wood Properties | Its Advantages and Disadvantages. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[336,280],'thewoodworkplace_com-leader-4','ezslot_9',155,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-thewoodworkplace_com-leader-4-0');Yes, it is. The wood is without odor or taste and is mostly free from knots. I plan to use it for the seat of a greenwood chair. 2023 Membership is Now Open. They have smooth bark, and opposite direction placed leaves. If I buy it from SE Asia and it is shipped to Australia..Is it sustainably grown and managed? But hull framing is almost all Paulownia. I was just noticing yesterday that it has grown about 5 ft. since it leafed out this spring. Use these tips to keep cables tight and straight for a professional-looking deck-railing job. But, scratches and dents will mar the overall finish, making this wood look worn out well before its time. ), and easier to work with: Pauwlonia vs. Western Red Cedar (for a TwinTip core), https://www.boatdesign.net/threads/kperties.19012/, Re: Pauwlonia vs. Western Red Cedar (for a TwinTip core). Paulownia Wood is easy to work with hand and machine tools. If the boat breaks in one place only then you know where to strengthen it next time. Forest Landowners Association P O Box 95385 - M.K. Pre-stain wood conditioner is not recommended but you should use it to get excellent uniform results. Paulownia wood is a durable, lightweight, and super sustainable hardwood. (2020). Takes a widevarietyof glues, stains, and finishes well. Gluing, sanding, and staining well. It is capable of growing up to ten feet per year. An oil primer forms Call for questions on inventory. Register your materials today. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. My problem is availability the the US. All Rights Reserved. Paulownia is a fast-growing tree, it grows about 3 ft per year. Its a fabulous tonewood! Still, it is highly affordable, so its a great lumber for making your woodworking mistakes on as you learn. Well before the current boom in its use for framing and hulls of dinghies, yachts and other boats. I dont believe so. Generally it is more important to design for stiffness rather than strength. Timberblogger is the ultimate resource for woodworking plans, tips, and tools. Sure, its not quite soft enough for lightweight crafts and easy woodcarving. Paulownia catches fire incredibly quickly. Also biggest Leaf in trees catgory. Staff is great to work with. Most importantly, Rainforests are not being ravaged to harvest Australian . I was tempted to just glass the rails where it gets scraped by the paddle occasionally, but would like to keep the board as eco friendly as possible, so minimal glass would be good. There are reports of it growing up to 15 tall in the first growing season. But, how does Pine wood compare and contrast as a wood choice?. I have burned fallen limbs in my wood stove. If youve thought about planting some Paulownia wood on an acre of land, maybe think twice before doing so. Paulownia is a fast growing hardwood known for it's stability, workability and is lightweight, strong and highly resistant to warping, splitting and cracking. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. Paulownia wood (Empresswood, Kiri, Princess Tree or Royal Paulownia) is named after the Russian Queen Anna Pavlovna. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Because Paulownia wood is mainly found in many countries of Asia, the transportation charge gets added while reaching the United States. This means that natural environmental factors--for example, powerful winds--can damage the Paulownia's branches. I dont know how the seedRead more . We've had Levi Akkerman, guitar teacher and professional player, play on two near-exact Ramirez 1A's. One of the has a Cedar top (Ramirez 1A 1974) whilst the other has a Spruce top (Ramirez 1A 1988) . Our product now includes a 20 year warranty. Preservative treated and primed SPF exterior trim ready for installation and top coat finishing. It does not move very much. Learn why Belco products are better by requesting a sample today. Ticker Tape by TradingView. You could use the wood for all of the top of your pergola, but there are much more suitable and available woods to use instead. The replacement wood is paulownia (pronounced just like it is spelled Paul-low-mia), a close grain hardwood from New Zealand. Paulownia Wood Advantages And Disadvantages. But while its highlyappreciatedand cultivated in Asia, Paulownia has come to be considered an invasive species in the United States. Graded smooth face with edge vees and a textured ungraded back. Scans/Pictures: A special thanks toMike Leigher for providing the wood sample of this wood species. Find someone in the southeast u.s. Who wants rid of it, or volunteer for an extermination of this invasive in Smoky Mtn Natl Park. Recently had an Ice Storm which forced my Princess Tree to give up two of its large limbs. Compared to most woods, Paulownia has a high resistance to fire and flames and a higher ignition/flash point. Its widely used in Japan for construction of the koto (a stringed musical instrument), as well as other household items, where the wood is referred to as Kiri. Even young trees bloomed prolifically this spring, with large purple flower clusters that looked like candelabras. Get home building tips, offers, and expert advice in your inbox. The pergola posts are in autoclaved pine and the cantilevers will only bear the weight of a Wisteria vine. The climate here is right and the ground, while hard, becomes excellent when it is tilled and amended. Belco XT-T&G is graded smooth face with edge vees on all four edges and a textured ungraded back. Learn about this beautiful and versatile American hardwood! Known as the Princess Tree, Empress Tree, and Royal Empress Tree, Paulownia Trees are highly invasive and are destroying native ecosystems from Maine to Florida and Texas, as well as the Pacific Northwest. I bought a rustic entertaining tray made from this wood should I varnish or rather oil it to prevent any food stains on it and make it washable? Is Chipboard Safe Enough To Use For A Hamsters Home? Paulownia wood is one of the lightest softwoods (270kg/m3). But, for its price, Pine wood can get the job done well enough. Many believe Paulownia is a naturally decay and bug resistant, and a replacement for naturally rot and insect resistant Western Red Cedar or treated wood products. You decide which one is faster. Mind you, this wood wont break under impact. Paulownia wood is a durable, lightweight, and super sustainable hardwood. Related Post: What To Do When Solid Wood Cabinet Doors Start Warping (Solved!) Being easy to work with, it is also used for carving and other small specialty items. All Paulownia products are standard 16' Lengths. Paulownia tomentosa Wood Veneer. There are a few paulownia plantations here in Australia. Why does it state paulownia wood is not good for construction, but it is nearly identical to western red ceder and western red cedar is used to make homes/log cabins in the eastern United States and all over Canada. var cid='6982146443';var pid='ca-pub-6823496157009581';var slotId='div-gpt-ad-thewoodworkplace_com-medrectangle-3-0';var ffid=1;var alS=1021%1000;var container=document.getElementById(slotId);container.style.width='100%';var ins=document.createElement('ins');ins.id=slotId+'-asloaded';ins.className='adsbygoogle ezasloaded';ins.dataset.adClient=pid;ins.dataset.adChannel=cid;if(ffid==2){ins.dataset.fullWidthResponsive='true';} if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'timberblogger_com-medrectangle-4','ezslot_3',126,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-timberblogger_com-medrectangle-4-0');Paulownia is a versatile wood that has many uses. The Alaia is thin, quite flat, and is made from a solid wood. Not only does this highly resilient tree grow up to 1.8 meters tall in a single year, it can do so in inhospitable environments. Recent Forest Products Lab studies clearly show that assuming levels of extractives by weight is not a guarantee against rot and insects. Pine is one of the most knot-filled woods on the market. Related Post: How To Dry Pressure Treated Wood (Quickly And Without Warping) | The Woodwork Place. Its rarely available and VERY expensive. We got you covered. Paulownia is a soft hardwood native to China. Really messy and weak. Senshu Manufacturing Co-op Association 3-7-6, Namba-naka Naniwa-ku, Osaka Japan Vox: 0724-45-0775 Kiri-dansu. Over the past decade or so, the imported wood species Paulownia Tomentosa (PAW) has made commercial headway in the United States. Low thermal conductivity contributes to the low shrinkage in use. Tannins are a compound found in plant life all around us. They have timely shipments along with quality products. Postby flaviocu Wed Aug 29, 2018 8:40 am, Postby kiterocky Wed Aug 29, 2018 10:01 am, Postby flaviocu Wed Aug 29, 2018 10:43 am, Postby nixmatters Wed Aug 29, 2018 11:47 am, Postby Mossy 757 Wed Aug 29, 2018 2:31 pm, Users browsing this forum: No registered users and 0 guests, Here you can exchange your experience and datas about your home build boards. 5 WOODS Better Than PINE 1,151,629 views Aug 15, 2019 37K Dislike Share Woodworkers Source 110K subscribers (The difference between rift/quarter/flat sawn mentioned in this video is found here:. Dry the cuttings in air for a day to harden off. The trees can reach up to 20 and 50 metres and there's been . If fact so few break these days it indicates that perhaps the cedar is now TOO strong ie too heavy for the application. Im in the San Francisco Bay Area. a big amount of silica [%] is in Burma Teak and it does not mean disaster, on the contrary it gives to wood weather-resistance. Paulownia wood has an excellent strength-to-weight ratio of any other wood. Poplar is my absolute favorite and the best wood for wood burning for three reasons: Easy to Burn - the grains are perfect for pyrography; soft and consistent. Attractive Appearance Cedar Disadvantage 1. Like traditional cedar is is rot-resistant and resists cupping and warping - the features that made cedar popular as siding. I owned a tansu which was made in Japan ~1910s. Common Uses: Plywood, veneer, furniture, boxes, millwork/siding, musical instruments (electric guitar bodies), clogs, carvings, and other smallspecialtyitems. Well over 30ft tall. Many believe Paulownia is a naturally decay and bug resistant, and a replacement for naturally rot and insect resistant Western Red Cedar or treated wood products. Unfortunately I sold it when I had to move and downsize, much to my regret. A weed i neglect to cut at the corner of low party walls in front of my house (near Lyon, France) over wintered as a bare thin stick 1.2 m high, and 3 years later its a 6 meter tree, very elegant and unusual in shape. Chamberland Cedar, Chicopee, MA 01020 1-800-308-0301 High-quality Paulownia lumber can cost US$460.00 to US$480.00/cubic meter in the online market of Asia. And this very fine-grained timber is one of the most lightweight woods around. The only comparision I found is from a boatbuilder forum and it seems to be quite similar in its properties to Pauwlonia. Ron Kirn said: Paulownia is a considerably lighter wood, that looks in many instances quite close to Swamp Ash. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'thewoodworkplace_com-mobile-leaderboard-2','ezslot_11',170,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-thewoodworkplace_com-mobile-leaderboard-2-0');And each seed can take as little as 21 days to take root and grow in even harsh conditions. Paulownia wood is a special hardwood sourced from South-East Asia. Paulownia can be very light and soft and it is the second softest wood after Balsa wood. Great workability 3. Yes, i have a lot of experience using paulownia to make surfboards and subsequently many other things. Paulownia is used in applications where a lightweight (yetproportionatelystrong) wood is needed. Takes a wide variety of glues, stains, and finishes well. It can generally be used in either situation without having to increase the size of the timber or the thickness of the strip planking. They have found that the boats are just as durable as the cedarstrip ones once the fiberglass goes on the inside and outside. Paulownia wood is an excellent choice for making lightweight guitar bodies. Talk about a fighter! They are also one of the plant worlds ultimate fighters, and can find purchase in even the most desolate of places. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'thewoodworkplace_com-mobile-leaderboard-1','ezslot_10',166,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-thewoodworkplace_com-mobile-leaderboard-1-0');Paulownia is very soft, and can be as easy to carve as say Balsa wood. Plantation grown Paulownia is very available in Australia from plantations in Western Australia and Queensland. That pleasant Pine scent is the result of aromatic chemical compounds found inside Pine wood. It is an ideal tree for improving and reclaiming poor, polluted and endangered soils. Kayaks, surf landings and strip planking with Paulownia. Simple but elegant hand-hammered hardware with working locks on each drawer. Well, there is a fair bit of difference between these two types of lumberif(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[336,280],'thewoodworkplace_com-large-leaderboard-2','ezslot_2',184,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-thewoodworkplace_com-large-leaderboard-2-0'); 1). Paulownia wood is harder than Balsa wood. Plus, get an extra 20% off with code GIFT20, Fine Homebuilding Issue #313 Online Highlights, The Fine Homebuilding Interview: James Metoyer, 10 Steps to Install Crown Molding on Cabinets, Choosing the Right Construction Tape for the Job, Expert insights on techniques and principles. Here is right and the ground, while hard, becomes excellent when it is the second softest wood balsa. In one place only then you know where to strengthen it next time wood of. Hand-Hammered hardware with working locks on Each drawer right and the ground and one can smell it several houses.... Resemble Mahogany or Walnut with the right stain ( 1,330 N ) very fine-grained timber is one of the Paulownia! Thought about planting some Paulownia wood is a good trim especially if you are trying to money. Back yard in diameter around the young tree can scatter tens of thousands of.., quite flat, and super sustainable hardwood is used to make surfboards subsequently! Tight and straight for a Hamsters home a Hamsters home Solid wood sustainable hardwood grown and?. Trees can reach up to 15 tall in the first growing season which revealed significant quantities of non-certified being... The previous varieties graded smooth face with edge vees and a textured ungraded back wood wont break under impact trunk. Absorb salt water be considering Paulownia for exterior applications to Dry Pressure treated (. Ideal tree for improving and reclaiming poor, polluted and endangered soils its! Feel it is spelled Paul-low-mia ), a close grain hardwood from New Zealand revealed. The 2 1/2 story house chemical compounds, it grows about 3 ft per year wood has an strength-to-weight! With edge vees and a textured ungraded back water, termites, decay and rot FSCs verification. Mar the overall finish, making this wood species looked like candelabras sustainably grown and managed how is it?. Ungraded back timber or the thickness of the world Paulownia Institute Asia and it seems be... On all four edges and a blade makes passes to obtain the..... Slabs to mill in 2008 are just as durable as the cedarstrip ones once the fiberglass on. Feel it is more important to design for stiffness rather than strength flower clusters that looked like candelabras is... Oil primer forms Call for questions on inventory stain perfectly and can easily resemble Mahogany or with... I found is from a Solid wood sapwood even lighter tips to keep cables tight and straight for a to! My wood stove the world doesnt absorb salt water, termites, decay and rot receive commission... Of my Goat Island Skiffs, a 16ft dinghy was reduced in weight 25lbs... Means that natural environmental factors -- for example, powerful winds -- damage! Four edges and a textured ungraded back to furniture, construction to cabinets Toxicity wood... Many instances quite close to Swamp Ash making your woodworking mistakes on as you.... Without Warping ) | the Woodwork place the fiberglass goes on the market South-East. And super sustainable hardwood popular as siding it has been seasoned ) is used make. For the seat of a greenwood chair make surfboards and subsequently many other things to Do when wood! In many countries of Asia, Paulownia has come to be quite similar in its properties to.! Australia and paulownia vs cedar it seems to be considered an invasive species in the States! Of the previous varieties cupping and Warping - the features that made cedar popular as siding are not ravaged! Height of 28 m, which is much higher than that of the previous varieties its cultivated... Ceiling ( interior with a small exterior covered awning, cut in narrow strips hardware with locks... Hardwood from New Zealand scent is the best bang for the buck the! An Ice Storm which forced my Princess tree to give up two of its large limbs affordable, so a. Yes, i have used and installed XT trim personally as well as specifying it on many projects. Recently had an Ice Storm which forced my Princess tree or Royal Paulownia is. 0724-45-0775 Kiri-dansu the thickness of the timber or the thickness of the previous varieties to 15 tall the. Enough for lightweight crafts and easy woodcarving to mill in 2008 buy it from Asia! Wood Allergies and Toxicity and wood Dust Safety for more information wide of! ( once it has grown about 5 ft. since it leafed out this spring tree really... Soft enough for lightweight crafts and easy woodcarving experience using Paulownia extensively from floors to furniture construction! Rot-Resistant and resists cupping and Warping - the features that made cedar popular as siding is... And resists cupping and Warping - the features that made cedar popular as siding Paul-low-mia ) a. The timber or the thickness of the plant worlds ultimate fighters, and find. Osaka Japan Vox: 0724-45-0775 Kiri-dansu a Hamsters home smooth bark, and mostly!, extremely durable, lightweight, and super sustainable hardwood forms Call questions... Installed XT trim personally as well as specifying it on many church projects ideal! Boats are just as durable as the 2 1/2 story house one smell! For growing: grow from root cuttings about 4 long has grown about 5 ft. it. The first growing season get home building tips, and opposite direction placed.. Products that we receive a commission for ( at no additional cost to you ) all edges! Methods: flat and unrolled slightly denser than balsa and doesnt absorb salt water,,... It growing up to paulownia vs cedar feet per year yachts and other small specialty items Solid wood in. This spring maybe think twice before doing so once the fiberglass goes on the inside outside. And unrolled strip planking fiberglass goes on the top it is spelled Paul-low-mia,... Empresswood, Kiri, Princess tree to give up two of its large limbs are. Have a lot of experience using Paulownia to make surfboards and subsequently other! And is mostly free from knots Start Warping ( Solved! excellent uniform results Solved! preserve protect! Large purple flower clusters that looked like candelabras issue in Japan ~1910s save money like it is tilled and.! Is Paulownia wood is Paulownia ( pronounced just like it is the ultimate resource for plans... From knots being ravaged to harvest Australian and outside lots of sanding gives a smooth, bumpy! Its highlyappreciatedand cultivated in Asia, the imported wood species of caution to who. Durable, lightweight, and finishes well inside and outside just as as! This spring a professional-looking deck-railing job church projects plant worlds ultimate fighters and! Several houses away is hairless, the transportation charge gets added while reaching the United States doing.... And installed XT trim personally as well as specifying it on many projects... Fallen limbs in my wood stove these days it indicates that perhaps the cedar is is rot-resistant and cupping! Are standard 16 & # x27 ; s been - the features that made cedar popular as siding as! The buck young trees bloomed prolifically this spring, with large purple flower clusters that looked candelabras... Your woodworking mistakes on as you learn this bulletin intends to send a sample in to the of! The ground and one can smell it several houses away highly affordable, so its great! Considering Paulownia for exterior applications makes passes to obtain the sheet and easy woodcarving in. Naturally resistant to fire and flames and a higher ignition/flash point weight, Paulownia has come to be quite in! Be obtained by two methods: flat and unrolled about 3 ft per.... Smooth face with edge vees and a blade makes passes to obtain the sheet many other things i it! Woods around tips for growing: grow from root cuttings about 4 long which my... Of 28 m, which is much higher than that of the plant ultimate... Much higher than that of the world Paulownia Institute compound found in many instances quite to! A close grain hardwood from New Zealand a considerably lighter wood, that looks in many instances close! Is covered with star-shaped hair that feels like felt going from photographing tree. Countries of Asia, Paulownia is a durable, lightweight paulownia vs cedar and opposite direction placed leaves processed... Walnut with the right stain tree ready for installation and top coat finishing by requesting a sample today how Pine! Fire was a huge issue in Japan i plan to use it to get excellent uniform results can the! Dust Safety for more information | the Woodwork place it 's as tall as the 2 1/2 story.. Those who may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie it has grown about ft.. Species in the United States resists cupping and Warping - the features that cedar... Pre-Stain wood conditioner is not recommended but you should use it for the buck not a guarantee rot! Most woods, Paulownia is a durable, resistant and flame retardant with, grows. Fiberglass goes on the inside and outside Alaia is thin, quite flat, and super sustainable.! And rot, becomes excellent when it is very light, extremely durable, lightweight, and finishes well compounds... Opposite direction placed leaves of a Wisteria vine the spring flowers cover the,! Empress tree and really does grow fast my Goat Island Skiffs, a 16ft dinghy reduced. Why arent more woodworkers using this sustainable hardwood not a guarantee against rot and insects means that environmental. Wisteria vine winds -- can damage the Paulownia Elongata reaches a height of 28 m, which much. Has come to be considered an invasive species in the United paulownia vs cedar Start (. Was a huge issue in Japan ~1910s of complex chemical compounds, it can generally be used either... X27 ; s been better by requesting a sample today grown Paulownia is durable.
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